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1.
Acta sci., Biol. sci ; 41: e47720, 20190000. map, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1460897

ABSTRACT

The reproductive process promotes morphophysiological and behavioral changes in fish species throughout their life cycle. Its success is vital to define their resilience in the environment. This study aimed to evaluate the reproductive biology of the endemic fish species Astyanax bifasciatusin a tributary of the Lower Iguaçu River Basin, Paraná, Brazil. Fish were collected monthly at four sites along the Jirau Alto River in the city of Dois Vizinhos from October 2015 to September 2016. A standardized catch effort with gill nets and fish traps was used. In the laboratory, standard length and total weight were recorded. After anesthesia, the animals were sectioned to macroscopically determine the sex, sexual maturity stage, and presence of celomatic fat. The gonads and liver were removed to determine the gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indexes, respectively. A total of 160 individuals (104 femalesand 56 males) were used. The gonadosomatic index, frequency of the gonadal maturation stages, and condition factor showed a long reproductive period with two investment cycles for both sex. Length at first sexual maturity was 4.57 cm for females and 3.56 cm for males. The reproductive data corroborate the generalist profile of the species and demonstrate a high degree of adaptive capacity, even in smaller tributaries.


Subject(s)
Animals , Characidae/anatomy & histology , Life Cycle Stages , Reproductive Health
2.
Acta sci., Biol. sci ; 38(3): 253-261, jul.-set. 2016. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-827251

ABSTRACT

In 2014, Brazil produced 474.33 thousand tons of captive-bred fish. In addition, regulatory agencies of animal ethics and welfare have recently encouraged experiments to be done using simpler vertebrates, such as fish. The aim of this article was to perform a scientometric analysis of scientific production that deals with fish welfare, in an attempt to find trends and gaps in this line of research. Our analyses showed a growing concern about fish welfare, although several questions remained inadequately covered. The most studied species was the Atlantic salmon, with Norway having the most publications on this theme. There are controversies among scientists about fish capacity for suffering and enjoyment (sentience). As regards slaughter or euthanasia, some studies showed that some methods are more endorsed than others, because they effectively reduce suffering and improve the appearance of the meat. In respect of animals used for experimentation, the most recommended substances were benzocaine and MS222. Thus, despite the importance of this subject, few studies are decisive and there is still no consensus on how to improve fish welfare or even on how to reduce suffering at the moment of slaughter.


Em 2014, o Brasil produziu 474,33 mil toneladas de peixes em cativeiro. Além disto, há um recente incentivo dos órgãos reguladores da ética e do bem-estar animal para que experimentos sejam feitos com vertebrados mais simples, tais como peixes. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi realizar uma análise cienciométrica da produção científica que trata do bem-estar de peixes e se preocupa com eles, em uma tentativa de encontrar tendências e lacunas nessa linha de pesquisa. Nossas análises mostraram uma crescente preocupação com o bem-estar em peixes, apesar de várias questões continuarem deficientes. A espécie mais utilizada nos estudos foi o salmão do Atlântico, e o país com mais publicações nessa temática foi a Noruega. Percebe-se que existem controvérsias entre cientistas quanto à capacidade de sofrimento desses animais, a senciência. Quanto ao abate ou à eutanásia, estudos mostraram que alguns métodos são mais aconselháveis que outros, pois efetivamente irão reduzir o sofrimento e melhorar a apresentação da carne. Para animais de experimentação, as substâncias mais recomendadas foram a benzocaína e o MS222. Assim, apesar da importância do tema, poucos estudos são definitivos, inexistindo ainda consenso sobre os métodos de melhoria do bem-estar em peixes e sobre como reduzir o sofrimento no momento do abate


Subject(s)
Pain , Stress, Physiological , Euthanasia , Altruism , Fishes , Animal Culling
3.
Mundo saúde (Impr.) ; 38(1): 31-39, dez. 2013. mapas, ilus, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-756233

ABSTRACT

No decorrer dos anos, os ecossistemas aquáticos têm sofrido grandes prejuízos, pois têm sido expostos a poluentes quecausam impactos ambientais irreversíveis, tanto em áreas urbanas como rurais. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho foi realizadoem duas áreas urbanas da cidade de Guarapuava-PR e duas áreas rurais da cidade de Candói-PR, em 2013, comobjetivo de avaliar os impactos de diferentes fontes de poluição, quantificados por meio do teste de micronúcleo, usandocomo bioindicadores peixes do gênero Astyanax. Consistentes alterações na morfologia nuclear dos eritrócitos dos peixesforam visualizadas, com maior frequência na área mais urbanizada, a Lagoa das Lágrimas, e na área rural, o Alagado doRio Jordão. Esse último local é um rio de grande porte, que recebe grandes despejos industriais de efluentes advindos detoda a cidade de Guarapuava e de uma fábrica de reciclagem de papel, localizada muito próxima ao local de coleta. O rioCandoizinho, um local rural protegido por uma ampla mata ciliar, apresentou a menor taxa de dano, mostrando-se comoum local mais preservado. Um último ponto, localizado em um campus universitário semiurbanizado mostrou-se comouma taxa de alteração nuclear intermediária. Concluiu-se, então, que a poluição industrial e urbana pode causar danos àsaúde dos indivíduos que habitam corpos hídricos.


Over the years, aquatics ecosystem have been suffering great losses because of being exposed to pollutants that cause irreversibleenvironmental impacts, both in rural and urban areas. In this context, the present study was conducted in twourban areas of the city of Guarapuava (PR) and two rural areas of the city of Candói (PR) during 2013, aiming to assessthe impacts of different pollution sources. These impacts were quantified by micronucleus test, using fish individuals ofthe genus Astyanax as bioindicators. Consistent variations in nuclear morphology were identified in erythrocytes of fishes,more frequently in the most urbanized site, the Lagoa das Lágrimas, and in the rural area, the waterlogged in Jordão River.The latter site is a major river that receives effluents from the entire Guarapuava city and from a factory of recycling paper,located close to the sampled site. The Candoizinho River, a rural local protected by wide riparian vegetation, presented thelowest damage rate, being a preserved area. A last sampled site was located in a semi-urbanized area within a universitycampus. Organisms from this place showed intermediary damage rates. So, we concluded that industrial and urban pollutioncan cause irreversible damages to health of individuals inhabiting this water flow.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cytotoxicity, Immunologic , Industry , Urbanization
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